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altruism
英：【ˈæltruɪzəm】美：【ˈæltruɪzəm】
英：
美：
常见释义：
利他主义
n.
利他；利他主义
self-sacrifice humanity philanthropy unselfishness selflessness charity
egoism
1、characterizes
altruism
─── 以利他主义为特征
2、reciprocal
altruism
─── 互惠的利他主义， ─── 互利主义
3、egoistic
altruism
─── 利己 ─── 利他主义
形容词:
altruistic
名词:
altruist
副词:
altruistically
1、altarwise ─── adv.（教会用语）在祭坛的位置
2、ultraism ─── n.激进论；极端主义
3、cliquism ─── n.小集团主义
4、Daltonism ─── n.先天性红绿色盲
5、altoist ─── n.中音萨克斯手，中音萨克斯音乐家
6、truism ─── n.自明之理；老生常谈；老套；众所周知；真实性
7、untruism ─── 不真实
8、altruist ─── n.爱他主义者；利他主义者
9、altruistic ─── adj.利他的；无私心的
1、His
altruism
won the neighbors respect. ─── 他那利他的行为赢得了邻居的尊敬。
2、Ambitionthat is masked as
altruism
. ─── 利他主义掩盖下的野心。
3、Keywords Founding family business （FFB）;No-Founding family business （N-FFB）;Two sides-three layers principal-agent problem;
Altruism
;Owners authority;Pyramid-controlling structure; ─── 创业型家族企业（FFB）;非创业型家族企业（N-FFB）;“双重三层”;委托代理问题;利他主义;业主权威;金字塔控制结构;
4、statement of
altruism
contract ─── 利他合同说
5、Emphasize brotherhood,
altruism
, and compassion in our daily lives. ─── 在我们的日常生活中，强调兄弟关系、他和同情精神。
6、You must find that central standard of
altruism
which can be responsible for history, which possesses the value of the whole, and which pursues the universe. ─── 你们必须找到那个能为历史负责的无私的中心标准，那个标准拥有全体的价值，且那是追寻天宙的标准。
7、In humans, the same primitive area of the brain stimulated by food or sex is also stimulated by acts of
altruism
. ─── 人类大脑中受食物和性刺激的脑区也受利他主义行为的刺激。
8、She was a fierce opponent of all forms of collectivism and statism, including fascism, communism, and the welfare state, and promoted ethical egoism while condemning
altruism
. ─── 她是所有形式的集体主义和国家统制，包括法西斯主义，共产主义和福利国家的激烈反对者，极力主张道德的利己主义并谴责利他主义。
9、ambition that is masked as
altruism
. ─── 利他主义掩盖下的野心.
10、Economic Analysis of Resources Allocation Within the Framework of Intergenerational
Altruism
─── 代际利他下资源分配的经济学分析
11、I dont think
altruism
is boring. ─── 我不认为奉献是无聊的。
12、
Altruism
has always existed, but the Web gives it a platform where the actions of individuals can have global impact. ─── 利他主义一直都存在，互联网却为其创造了一个平台；在那里，个体行为将引发全球性的影响。
13、Nowadays, our culture disvalues liberal education, is skeptical of virtue, and, in particular, glorifies self-aggrandizement over
altruism
. ─── 如今的教育忽视通识教育，对注重美德不敢苟同，还尤其推崇自私自利的扩张主义，而置利他主义于不顾。
14、Basically, communitarianism encourages the general public to participate in public affairs and to cultivate the sense of community through the promotion of
altruism
, fraternity, and service. ─── 基本上，社区主义是指经由鼓励公民参与公共事务，透过利他、博爱、服务等精神的发扬，积极培养社区意识。
15、
altruism
activity ─── 利他行为
16、His sense of
altruism
is touching. ─── 他舍己为人的精神令人感动。
17、Keywords
altruism
;sociobiology;kin selection;reciprocal
altruism
;paradigm; ─── 利他主义;社会生物学;亲族选择;互惠利他主义;范式;
18、Smith was careful to emphasize that individuals are motivated not by
altruism
but by need for the cooperation of others. ─── 史密斯小心地强调，个人的动机是需要别人合作而不是利他主义所驱动的。
19、An analysis of game theory on egoism and
altruism
--a new perspective on study of moral education in primary and middle schools ─── 利己与利他的博弈论辨析--中小学德育研究的新视角
20、sociobiology theory of
altruism
─── 利他的社会生物学理论
21、Given the difficulty in understanding another person, how can
altruism
really serve the good of others? ─── 如果说我们很难理解他人，那么利他主义又如何为他人利益而服务呢？
22、
altruism
strategy ─── 利他策略
23、The Research on
Altruism
and the Management Model in Family Business ─── 利他主义与家族式中小企业管理模式研究
24、Partnerships:
Altruism
can lead to feelings of friendship, which then create reciprocity. ─── 合作伙伴关系：利他可能产生友好的感情，然后建立互惠。
25、3.Far from being a senseless exercise in self-deception, this purification from the dangers of wallowing in smug
altruism
leads to greater self-knowledge and dedication. ─── 不同于毫无意义的自欺欺人，这种使人从沉浸于自鸣得意的利他主义的危险中得到解脱的灵魂净化，能够让人更有自知之明，更加乐于奉献。
26、Make
altruism
and giving part of your life, and be purposeful about it. ─── 为他人着想，献出你一部分生命，过有目标的生活。
27、Cheung Mun Yee, in her eulogy, besides highly praised Ah Mui for her contribution to the Performing Industry., she praised her for her
altruism
and chivalry, and contribution to the society. ─── 前广播处处长张敏仪，在致悼词时高度称赞梅艳芳除了演艺事业成功之外，还有她的真情与侠义，对社会贡献良多。
28、A strong hand had to bring forth political
altruism
, whatever the tone of economics. ─── 不管经济体制如何，必须有强权推行政治利他主义。
29、There is plenty of evidence to support the hypothesis that what used to be considered
altruism
is now a byproduct of daily life online. ─── 有大量迹象支持此观点，过去曾被看作是利他主义的行为，现在已经是日常在线生活副产品。
30、
altruism
contract ─── 利他合同
31、Hes seeking to remind people that self-interest, not just
altruism
, justifies engagement abroad. ─── 他提醒人们，参与国外事务不光是为了他人的利益，也是为了自身的利益。
32、Trivers, then at Harvard University, to phrase the issue in modern evolutionary terms with his theory of reciprocal
altruism
. ─── Trivers）才提出互惠利他理论，以现代演化生物学解释了生物的利他行为。
33、Theories of egoism and
altruism
; status of a fetus; problem of overpopulation; Judith Thomson; debate on local cases. ─── 利己主义与利他主义、胚胎的地位、人口过多的问题、汤逊、本地个案之研究。
34、Understanding the Relationship Between Egoism and
Altruism
from the Viewpoint of Moral Subject ─── 从道德主体出发来理解利己与利他的关系
35、Failure to do so will usually cause the original benefactor to withdraw future acts of
altruism
. ─── 如果不这样做，通常会导致原来的捐助者在未来撤消利他主义行为。
36、
Altruism
: unselfish concern for the welfare of others; selflessness ─── 利他主义,无私:对他人福利给以无私的关注;无私
37、For criminal judicial control, we should legitimately reconstruct it according to the requirement of self-regard and
altruism
. ─── 对于刑事司法控制，应按照自利与利他的要求，进行正当化改造。
38、On Egoism and
Altruism
of Mahayana ─── 大乘佛教自利利他思想述评
39、A discrimination Between
Altruism
and Egoism ─── 利他主义与利己主义辨析
40、Sympathy motivates
altruism
in relation to the plight of the recipient. ─── 同情心考虑接受者的困境，激励利他行为的产生。
41、Behaviorists often reduce what we call empathy to a mercantile business known as reciprocal
altruism
. ─── 原来这是因为我们的”移情“在行为学者看来只是一种”重商“的东西：相互利用。
42、efficiency of
altruism
─── 利他主义效率
43、
Altruism
: from sociobiology to social science ─── 利他主义:从社会生物学到社会科学
44、
Altruism
is a type of behavior in which an animal sacrifices its own interest for that of another animal or group of animals. ─── 忘我主义是一种行为表现，是动物牺牲个体利益而维护另一动物或动物群体的利益。
45、kin
altruism
─── 亲缘利他
46、Wanting so much to be helpful, they may chronically subordinate their own needs to the needs of others, going beyond loving sacrifice or healthy
altruism
into servitude. ─── 他们是那么的乐意帮助他人，他们可能长期的为了别人的需求而轻视自己的需求，超过了爱心的奉献或健康的利他，而变为被奴役。
47、The bottom line, he said, is that
altruism
may rely on a basic understanding that others hae motiations and actions that may be similar to our own. ─── 他说，底线是利他主义可能是基于这样的基本认识：别人也有和我们自己近似的动机和行为。
48、In order for the altruist not to be exploited by non-reciprocaters, it would be expected that reciprocal
altruism
can only exist in the co-presence of mechanisms to identify and punish "cheaters". ─── 为了使利他主义者不被非互惠者们利用，可以预期，互惠利他主义只能在查明和惩罚“骗子”的机制都存在的情况下发生。
49、For most Westerners, the spirit of Lei Feng is a spirit of
altruism
─── 对于大多数西方人来说,雷锋精神就是一种利他精神
50、"We went into this experiment with the idea that
altruism
was really a function of the brains reward systems -- altruistic people would simply find it more rewarding," he said. ─── “我们是带着利他主义的确是大脑奖励机制的一个功能的想法开始这项试验的，也就是说，利他的人们会得到（其大脑）更多的奖励。”他说。
51、Whatever,
altruism
and happiness seem to go together in the realm of love. ─── 不管怎样,在爱的世界里无私和幸福似乎是不可分割的.
52、Children demand sacrifice and
altruism
, a long-term investment of parental time and money. ─── 养育孩子需要奉献及无私的精神，需要长期的、大量的亲情及金钱的投入。
53、The Progress on
Altruism
Research of Animals and Its Debate ─── 动物利他行为的研究进展及争鸣
54、If they can discern no such traditional rationale to U.S. behavior, they ascribe our motives not to
altruism
but to a hidden agenda for domination. ─── 如果他们找不到这样的传统理由来解释美国的举动，他们便会将我们的行为动机归咎于某种隐匿的称霸计划，而不会将其归诸于所谓的利他主义。
55、Anonymity is the truest expression of
altruism
. ─── 不记名是利他主义最真的表现。
56、Humans are a mix of selfishness and
altruism
but generally feel better working to help each other rather than to do each other down. ─── 人类是利己主义和利他主义的混合体，但通常而言，相互帮助比勾心斗角让人感觉更好。
57、A New Exploration on
Altruism
─── 利他主义新探
58、Though Morgan had a large sense of public duty, he had not shouldered the falling church out of pure
altruism
. ─── 尽管摩根深感公众责任之重大，但他肩扛下陷教堂之壮举，并非完全源于利他主义。
59、But the recipients of their largesse are unlikely to care if the donors are motivated by
altruism
, public relations or a guilty conscience. ─── 但不论捐赠者是因为利他主义的动机,还是因为公共关系的需要,或者是良心的愧疚而捐赠,对于受赠者来说,这一切都无所谓。
60、
Altruism
is a rather new word for unselfishness, coined by 19th century humanist philosopher Auguste Comte as an alternative to egoism, which means putting oneself above all else. ─── 利他主义相对自私自利主义来说是个新词儿，由19世纪人文主义哲学家奥格斯特伯爵做为对利已主义（一种将自己的利益高高置上的主义）之外的一种选择提出来。
61、The second form is reciprocal
altruism
, or “you scratch my back and Ill scratch yours”. ─── 另一种形式则是互惠型的利他行为，或称为“狼狈为奸，唯利是图”。
62、Their study claims that individuals with a reputation for generosity and
altruism
turn out to be the most valued members of their group. ─── 他们说那些拥有慷慨大方、乐于助人名声的人是所在团体中最被看重的人。
63、2.Swartz was determined to make Timberland a living laboratory for an 【b】
altruism
【/b】-driven culture without 【b】torpedo【/b】ing the family business. ─── 史瓦兹决定使添柏岚成为一个活生生的实验室，在不至于摧毁家族事业的前提下，带动一种利他主义的文化。
64、A classic example of
altruism
. ─── 利他主义的典型例子’。
65、
Altruism
runs higher among older people and those with college educations. ─── 利他性在年长的人群和大学学历人群中较强。
66、reciprocal
altruism
─── 互利主义
67、Reciprocal
altruism
means unselfishness based on giving and sending back in reciprocation. ─── 互惠利他理论的实质内涵是以回报为基础的利他互惠。
68、There are also indicators that
altruism
has biological roots. ─── 可是也有关于利他主义具有生物学根源的证据。
69、We see it in the growing
altruism
of Trade Unionism ─── 从工会主义日益增长的利他精神即可见一斑。
70、
Altruism
may breed better marriages, a new study suggests. Or, the data might mean that good marriages make people more altruistic. ─── 一项新的研究显示:利他主义孕育美好的婚姻,或幸福的婚姻让人们更无私。
71、They became aware that the late 18th-century cult of sensibility, which had championed untrammelled emotion as the fount of
altruism
, could easily spill over into self-indulgent histrionics; ─── 他们开始认识到，18世纪后期对敏感顶礼膜拜，将未驾驭的情感视为利他主义之源泉，却往往过于汹涌而沦为个人放纵的表演;
72、A controersial Jesuit priest named Anthony de Mello questioned our underlying moties in doing good deeds. "Charity," he said, "is really self-interest masquerading under the form of
altruism
." ─── 一位有争议的名叫安东尼梅德洛耶稣教徒神父质疑我们行善的潜意识的动机。“行善”他说，“实际上是的利他式化下的自我利益形式”。
73、So although selfish punishment aids
altruism
from within a group, the model also bolsters the idea of group selection, a concept that has seen cycles of popularity in evolutionary biology. ─── 因此，尽管自私惩罚可以在群体中帮助利他主义，自私惩罚的模式也支持了群体选择的想法，这是在演化生物学中曾经数度相当风行的概念。
74、while primitive brain rules of
altruism
and empathy end up in the misfiring that cheers us in the chastened reconciliation of Shakespeares final scene. ─── 令我们欣喜的是，最初大脑内的有关利他主义和同情的规则以失效的方式，在莎士比亚的终场中，以饱经磨难的和解结束。
75、Agency problems within family enterprises are unique, because they are embedded in the family relationship, featured by parenthood and
altruism
. ─── 家族企业中的代理问题存在着独特之处，这正是因为其嵌入到以亲子关系为代表的、以利他主义为特色的家庭关系之中。
76、
Altruism
: giving things away with no certain return is odd behaviour in evolutionary terms. It may help with group bonding or simply give pleasure. ─── 利他行为：从进化角度上看，一味给予而不求回报是件怪事。这可能对团队融合有益或纯粹出于高兴。
77、Its “goodness” stems less from all that guff about corporate
altruism
than from Adam Smiths invisible hand. ─── 公司的“善举”更多的是源自亚当?斯密所谓的那只“看不见的手”，而非企业利他主义之类的空话。
78、This sort of intervention by China would not require
altruism
. ─── 中国的这种干预措施不需要中国无私奉献。
79、It is the also the vibration of
altruism
that causes humans to veil their real self out of the belief that it is not perfect enough. ─── 也就是利他主义的振动导致人类遮蔽自己在信仰里显得不够完美的真实自我。
80、
Altruism
and cooperation: the strategies for existence and evolutionary approaches in organisms ─── 利他与合作:生物有机体的生存策略和进化路径
81、(2) Intrinsic reward and
altruism
will make individuals share knowledge in high frequency. ─── 内在报酬、利他主义才会对知识共享产生持久的激励作用；
82、Some even act out of sheer
altruism
. ─── 有些行为甚至完全是利他的。
83、Fortunately, volunteers are not motivated by self-interest, but by
altruism
. ─── 幸运的是，志愿者们不是被自身利益而是被利他主义推动。
84、Its goodness stems less from all that guff about corporate
altruism
than from Adam Smiths invisible hand ─── 它的“善良”堵住了比亚当·斯密看不见的手更少的关于公司利他主义的废话。
85、Through most of our prehistory, humans lived under conditions that would have strongly favoured the evolution of all four kinds of
altruism
. ─── 人类的史前阶段，生活的环境相当有利于形成以上的四种善行。
86、Next his team hopes to test children, and find out how and when
altruism
develops. ─── 下一步，他的团队希望测试儿童，试图发现利他主义行为是从何时、如何发展的。
87、p.1 原文：...kindness, humour, heartlessness, gregarousness,
altruism
, motherlove and sefl-awareness. ─── 14译文：...如仁慈、幽默、冷漠、无情、合群、利他、无私、母爱以及自我意识。
88、Egoism and
Altruism
─── 利己利他
89、That being said, its an
altruism
that amounts to teaching others how to be self-centered, which if you think about it is a strange brand of
altruism
. ─── 如此说来，这种利他方式可归纳为：教导人们如何以自我为中心，想一想，这真是很怪异的利他方式。